The root address of all website hosted on the web server is the DNS. It is alphabetic in nature hence it has to be translated into numbers which the system understands. A single group of the translated numbers is called IP address this is the protocol that Internet understands. Hence when you are writing your domain name websitepromotion-india.com it actually translates into an IP Address which in case of DNS is fixed.
Using this service: http://www.hcidata.info/host2ip.cgi I can find that IP address of my domain is:
182.50.130.158
When a user types a URL on web browser the query is sent to the operating system which forwards it to DNS root servers until the query is matched appropriately that is the IP address is located in the web host of the registrars.
The IP Address in the DNS server is attached to a host server which dutifully sends the query to it. Once this is resolved the files on the web host server are resolved on the browser of your computer. This is also known as TCP or transfer control protocol TCP is facilitated by HTTP which is hypertext transfer protocol. The look up tools act as resolver according basic information about the name. No two domains can have the same IP address.
All these services are managed by various organisations in order to be perfect and make feasible the browser queries. For resolution of domain name there are thirteen designated servers of which one can be where you domain is hosted. The resolver looks up at these 13 servers.
For registering a domain name you have to go through a registrar to ICANN. This stands for Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. The organisation operates the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority - IANA, and is in charge of maintaining the DNS root zone which keeps all the TLDs and is referred as TLD name server.
A fee has to be paid for registration. After this you are the owner of the Domain and details can be had using the who is services on the Internet.
More on DNS
More on DNS
The domain names are called TLD or top level domain generic or country specific. Example .com. .net, .org are generic TLDs while .eu, .in.
Driectly under this heirarchy will be an SLD or 2LD a second level domain name example is CO.UK or AC.UK. While the former is concerned with a company the latter is concerned with and institution usually educational institute.
More information on SLDs can be had here About SLD
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